1.1切削加工概述
切削cutting; 加工 machining;
金屬切削 metal cutting (metal removal); 金屬切削工藝 metal-removal process; 金屬工藝學(xué) technology of metals; 機(jī)器制造machine-building; 機(jī)械加工 machining; 冷加工 cold machining； 熱加工 hot working; 工件 workpiece; 切屑chip;
常見(jiàn)得加工方法 universal machining method; 鉆削drilling; 鏜削 boring; 車(chē)削 turning； 磨削 grinding; 銑削 milling; 刨削 planning; 插削slotting 銼filing 劃線(xiàn)lineation; 鏨切carving; 鋸sawing; 刮削facing; 鉆孔boring; 攻絲 tap;
1.2零件表面構(gòu)成及成形方法
變形力 deforming force;
變形 deformation; 幾何形狀 geometrical; 尺寸dimension 精度 precision;
表面光潔度 surface finish; 共軛曲線(xiàn) conjugate curve; 范成法 generation method; 軸 shaft;
1.3機(jī)床得切削運(yùn)動(dòng)及切削要素
主運(yùn)動(dòng) main movement;
主運(yùn)動(dòng)方向 direction of main movement; 進(jìn)給方向 direction of feed; 進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng) feed movement;
合成進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng) resultant movement of feed; 合成切削運(yùn)動(dòng) resultant movement of cutting;
合成切削運(yùn)動(dòng)方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting 切削速度 cutting speed; 傳動(dòng) drive/transmission; 切削用量 cutting parameters; 切削速度 cutting speed; 切削深度 depth of cut; 進(jìn)給速度 feed force; 切削功率 cutting power;
1.4金屬切削刀具
合金工具鋼alloy tool steel; 高速鋼 high-speed steel; 硬質(zhì)合金 hard alloy; 易加工 ease of manufacturing 切削刀具 cutting tool;刀具 cutter; 車(chē)刀 lathe tool;
主切削刃 main cutting edge; 副切削刃assistant cutting edge; 刀體 tool body 刀柄tool shank; 前刀面 rake face; 主后刀面 major flank; 刀尖 nose of tool;
主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system; 切削平面 tool cutting edge plane; 主剖面 tool orthogonal plane; 切削寬度 width of the uncut chip;
進(jìn)給平面系 assumed working plane system; 加工表面 transient surface; 前角 rake angle; 后角 clearance angle; 主偏角 tool cutting edge angle; 刀尖角nose angle;
1.5刀具切削過(guò)程及磨削機(jī)理
塑性變形 plastic distortion; 微觀組織，顯微結(jié)構(gòu)microstructure 切削力cutting force; 切削溫度 cutting temperature; 積屑瘤built-up edge; 刀尖磨損nose wear; 月牙洼crater;
殘留應(yīng)力 residual stress; 應(yīng)力 stress; 硬度 rigidity;磨削grinding; 砂輪 grinding wheel; 磨粒grain; 剪切 shear; 摩擦 friction; 內(nèi)力 internal force
1.6~1.8 切削加工質(zhì)量、材料得切削加工性、切削液得選擇
加工精度 machining accuracy; 表面質(zhì)量 surface finish;
工藝性能technological performance;
材料切削加工性指標(biāo) machinability index of material; 切削液 cutting fluid 切削油 cutting oil;
1.9 件得裝夾及夾具
定位梢 dowel; 定位 allocation; 機(jī)床夾具 jig; 組裝線(xiàn)Assembly line; 機(jī)械零件 mechanical parts; 鉗工 locksmith； 精加工 finish machining; 粗加工 rough machining; 氣動(dòng)夾緊 pneuma-lock; 同心，同心度concentricity 垂直度perpendicular; 基準(zhǔn) benchmark; 基準(zhǔn)線(xiàn) reference line; 夾具 fixture;
通用夾具 universal fixture;專(zhuān)用夾具 Fixture for special purpose; 可調(diào)夾具adjustable fixture; 組合夾具 modular fixture; 工序 process;
設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)designing datum; 工藝基準(zhǔn) datum features in process;
1.10 金屬切削機(jī)床
機(jī)床 machine tool;
機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng) motion of machine; 機(jī)床型號(hào) machine tool model;
機(jī)床加工精度 machining accuracy of machine tool; 車(chē)床 lathe;
普通車(chē)床engine lathe; 臥式車(chē)床horizontal lathe; 立式車(chē)床 vertical lathe; 鉆床drill press; 鏜床boring machine; 銑床 milling machine;
磨床 grinder（grinding machine）; 牛頭刨床shaper; 龍門(mén)刨床planer;
插床 slotting machine（slotter）
第2章 常用加工方法綜述及加工方案選擇一、車(chē)削
車(chē)削 turning; 車(chē)刀 lathe tool 車(chē)床 lathe
普通車(chē)床engine lathe; 臥式車(chē)床horizontal lathe;
立式車(chē)床 vertical lathe;
仿形車(chē)床 duplicating lathe (copy lathe); 轉(zhuǎn)塔車(chē)床turret lathe; 細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸 long slender shaft 縱向車(chē)削 straight turning; 錐體車(chē)削 taper turning; 仿形車(chē)削 contour turning; 端面車(chē)削 facing;
回轉(zhuǎn)表面 surface of revolution; 平面 flat surface; 圓面round surface
仿形表面contoured surface 退刀槽recess 卡盤(pán) chuck; 尾架tailstock;
床頭箱，主軸箱headstock; 銷(xiāo) pin; 卡箍 bar clasp; 花盤(pán)faceplate; 主軸 spindle;
二、鉆削
鉆削drilling; 鉆床drill press; 鉆頭 drill; 锪孔counter boring; 內(nèi)表面internal surface 鉸孔、擴(kuò)孔reaming; 攻絲 tapping;
孔加工 spot facing machining; 鉸 ream; 鉸刀 reamer; 盲孔blind hole; 麻花鉆 twist drill; 埋頭孔countersink; 錐柄taper shank;
三、鏜削
鏜削 bore;
鏜床boring machine; 鏜桿boring bar 縱向鏜削straight boring; 表面光潔度 surface finish;
臥式鏜孔機(jī)horizontal boring machine;
四 、 銑削
銑削mill;
銑床 milling machine 銑刀 milling cutter; 縫Slot 槽groove; 平面 flat surface; 圓面round surface 仿形表面contoured surface; 周銑Peripheral milling
端銑face milling; multi model miller; 靠模銑床; copy milling machine; 仿形銑床 ; contouring machine;
五、磨削
磨削grinding;
磨床 grinder（grinding machine）; 外圓磨削 external grinding;
內(nèi)圓磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding); 平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive; 外圓磨床cylindrical grinding machine; 平面磨床surface grinder;
外圓磨床cylindrical grinding machine 內(nèi)圓磨床internal cylindrical machine; 成形磨床form grinding machine; 仿形磨床copy grinding machine
萬(wàn)事都有可能工具磨床universal tool grinding machine;
六、拉削
拉削broaching; 拉床 broaching machine; 拉刀 broaching tool;
外表面拉削 external surface broaching; 內(nèi)表面拉削internal surface broaching; 多功能機(jī)床 multifunction machine; 多齒刀具 multitooth tool; 切屑槽 chip gullet;
七、刨削
刨削planning; 牛頭刨床shaper; 龍門(mén)刨床planer; 龍門(mén)刨削 planning;
旋臂刨床 radial drilling machine 仿形刨床copy shaping machine;
八、 齒輪加工
齒輪加工gear machining; 齒輪 gear; 滾齒 gear hobbing; 滾齒刀 hobbing cutter;
直齒圓柱齒輪 straight toothed spur gear; 斜齒圓柱齒輪 helical-spur gear; 直齒錐齒輪 straight bevel gear 齒輪齒條 pinion and rack; 蝸桿蝸輪 worm and worm gear;
九、螺紋加工
螺紋加工thread machining; 螺紋切削thread cutting; 攻絲 tapping; 絲錐tap; 板牙die; 螺釘 screw;
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件 standard component; 位移 displacement 截面 section;
十、光整加工
光整加工 micro finishing; 研磨 mull (lapping); 研磨劑lapping compound; 研磨膏paste;
研磨機(jī)床lapping machine 拋光 polishing 拋光膏 buffing cream; 拋光輪 polishing wheel; 拋光機(jī) polisher 珩磨 honing
珩磨輪 honing wheel; 珩磨機(jī)床honing machine;
超精加工機(jī)床 superfinishing machine; 超精加工 superfinish;
第3章 機(jī)械加工工藝過(guò)程機(jī)械加工工藝過(guò)程 machining process; 工步 step of an operation; 工位 work station; 工序 process;
工藝文件 manufacturing process document; 工藝卡片 technological card; 工藝規(guī)程 process plan;
機(jī)械加工工藝卡machining process sheet; 工藝設(shè)計(jì) technological design; 設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn) designing datum; 工藝基準(zhǔn) datum features in process; 基準(zhǔn)重合 consistency of datum feature; 基面統(tǒng)一原則 unified datum principle; 機(jī)械加工工序卡machining operation sheet; 工藝過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)process planning;; 工藝路線(xiàn)process route; 工藝過(guò)程卡process sheet; 產(chǎn)品規(guī)格product specification; 產(chǎn)品用途product use; 產(chǎn)品責(zé)任product liability; 生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)production line;
生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度計(jì)劃production schedule; 生產(chǎn)率productivity; 批量生產(chǎn)batch production;
第4章 切削加工零件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性切削cutting; 加工 machining; 工件 workpiece; 零件part; 毛坯 rough;
工藝性能 processing property;
裝配結(jié)構(gòu)得合理性 rationality of assembly structure; 零件結(jié)構(gòu)合理性 rationality of detail structure; 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 standardization;
第5章 先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)Advanced Manufacturing Technology; 信息技術(shù)information Technology; 產(chǎn)品 product; 設(shè)計(jì) design； 加工machining; 檢測(cè)check; 管理manage; 銷(xiāo)售sell; 使用use; 服務(wù)serve; 回收 reclaim;
計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng)Computer Integrated Manufacturing System（CIMS）;
智能制造系統(tǒng)Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS); 精密工程 precise engineering; 成組技術(shù)group technology; 方式（法）methodology;
柔性制造系統(tǒng)Flexible Manufacturing System（FMS）; 數(shù)控機(jī)床numerically controlled machine tool;
加工中心Machining Center（MC）;
計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)字控制computerized numerical control (CNC); 自動(dòng)換刀裝置automatic tool changer（ATC）; 直接數(shù)字控制Direct numerical control（DNC）; 分布式數(shù)字控制Distributed numerical control（DNC）; 群控DNC;
單機(jī)自動(dòng)化stand-alone automatization 自動(dòng)機(jī)床Automatic machine; 組合機(jī)床 combination machine; 專(zhuān)用機(jī)床special machine; NC鉆床NC drilling machine NC磨床NC grinding machine ; NC車(chē)床NC lathe
臥式加工制造中心horizontal machine center; 立式加工制造中心 vertical machine center; 車(chē)間shop floor; 庫(kù)存inventory; 工藝process; 分類(lèi)classification; 編碼系統(tǒng)coding system; 零件外型part configuration; 工藝規(guī)劃process planning; 單元式制造cellular manufacturing; 小車(chē)維修站Cart maintenance station; 零件清洗站Parts wash station; 裝卸站Unload station; 回收系統(tǒng)Recovery system; 小車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)彎站 Cart turnaround station； 集成化integration 協(xié)調(diào)tradeoff;
成族零件family-of-part;
換刀裝置Tool changer;
機(jī)床控制裝置machine control unit; 組裝線(xiàn) Assembly line;
第6章 先進(jìn)制造運(yùn)行模式先進(jìn)制造運(yùn)行模式Advanced Manufacturing Operation Model; 計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng)Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（CIMS）;
精益生產(chǎn)(LP亦稱(chēng)精良生產(chǎn))Lean Production; 敏捷制造Agile Manufacturing（AM）; 綠色制造Green Manufacturing;
計(jì)算機(jī)幫助設(shè)計(jì)Computer Aided Design(CAD); 計(jì)算機(jī)幫助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);
計(jì)算機(jī)幫助工藝過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)Computer Aided process planning(CAPP); 物料需求計(jì)劃M(mǎn)aterial Requirements Planning（MRP）; 計(jì)算機(jī)幫助教育Computer Aided Education (CAE); 虛擬制造Virtual Manufacturing(VM); 并行工程Concurrent Engineering (CE); 面向裝配得設(shè)計(jì) Design For Assembly(DFA); 面向制造得設(shè)計(jì) Design For Manufacturing(DFM);
第7章 特種加工特種加工（NTM）Nontraditional Manufacturing;
一、電火花加工
電火花加工spark-erosion machining;
電火花線(xiàn)切割加工 electrical discharge wire – cutting; 電火花穿孔spark-erosion drilling; 電火花雕刻spark-erosion carving;
二、電解加工
電解加工Electrolytic machining;
三、超聲波加工
超聲波加工 Ultrasonic machining; 變幅桿Transducer nose 銅墊圈Copper washer;
放大刀具夾持器Amplifying tool holder 超聲波振動(dòng)Ultrasonic vibration; 銀釬焊Sliver braze; 仿形刀具 Shaped tool; 蠟焊縫Wax weld 支持材料Backup material; 磨料懸浮液Abrasive slurry; 吸入管Suction line
四、激光加工
激光加工Laser processing; 激光束加工Laser beam machining 激光切割 laser cutting 激光打孔 laser drilling; 激光焊接 laser welding;
